Cryptography resources

Sites

• Cryptology ePrint Archive – http://eprint.iacr.org/
• Cryptolib.com – http://cryptolib.com/ | Ciphers: http://cryptolib.com/ciphers/
• Standard Cryptographic Algorithm Naming (Version 1.0.20a – 22 October, 2002) – http://weidai.com/scan-mirror/intro.html
• Cryptography Algorithms at Galaxy.com search engine – http://www.galaxy.com/dir962470/Algorithms.htm
• Cypherspace by Adam Back – http://www.cypherspace.org/

Historic cyphers

• The “Copiale Cipher” by Kevin Knight, Beáta Megyesi, Christiane Schaefer – http://stp.lingfil.uu.se/~bea/copiale/
  • “How Revolutionary Tools Cracked a 1700s Code” by John Markoff (The New York Times; 2011.10.24) – http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/25/science/25code.html?_r=1

Hash algorithms

• Passphrase Hashes – http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/hopwood/crypto/scan/ph.html

  • Authenticators: When a passphrase is verified, the first few characters of the authenticator [= “magic”] determine which mechanism is used:
    • If the first three characters are “$1$”, MD5-crypt is used.
    • If the first four characters are “$2a$”, bcrypt is used.
    • If the first character is not “$” or “_”, Traditional-crypt3 is used.

• The HashClash website – http://www.win.tue.nl/hashclash/ – hash algorithms collisions

RSA

• export-a-crypto-system sig – http://www.cypherspace.org/rsa/, http://www.cypherspace.org/rsa/rsa-details.html – a Perl 3-line implementation of RSA encryptor and decryptor.

  #!/bin/perl -sp0777i<X+d*lMLa^*lN%0]dsXx++lMlN/dsM0<j]dsj $/=unpack('H*',$_);$_=`echo 16dio\U$k"SK$/SM$n\EsN0p[lN*1 lK[d2%Sa2/d0$^Ixp"|dc`;s/\W//g;$_=pack('H*',/((..)*)$/)

  A 2-line version:

  print pack"C*",split/\D+/,`echo "16iII*o\U@{$/=$z;[(pop,pop,unpack"H*", )]}\EsMsKsN0[lN*1lK[d2%Sa2/d0<X+d*lMLa^*lN%0]dsXx++lMlN/dsM0<J]dsJxp"|dc`

  • Use:
    • Encryption: echo “squeamish ossifrage” | rsa -k=10001 -n=1967cb529 > msg.rsa
    • Decryption: % rsa -d -k=ac363601 -n=1967cb529 < msg.rsa
  • requires GNU dc (http://www.cypherspace.org/rsa/dc.html)

  .

One more GSM cipher cracked

2010.01.11:

• A Second GSM Cipher Falls” by Dennis Fisher (January 11, 2010, 4:57PM) – http://threatpost.com/en_us/blogs/second-gsm-cipher-falls-011110
• “Second 3G GSM Cipher Cracked” at SlashDot (2010.01.12) – http://mobile.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=10/01/12/134225
• “Another Week, Another GSM Cipher Bites the Dust” at Emergent Chaos blog – http://www.emergentchaos.com/archives/2010/01/another_week_another_gsm.html
• Cracked cipher: KASUMI – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KASUMI_%28block_cipher%29

AES256 hardware encryption for USB Flash drives bypassed

• At the SlashDot: “Encryption Cracked On NIST-Certified Flash Drives ” – http://it.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=10/01/05/1734242.
• Original article “NIST-certified USB Flash drives with hardware encryption cracked” – http://www.h-online.com/security/news/item/NIST-certified-USB-Flash-drives-with-hardware-encryption-cracked-895308.html.

Note: Actually, it is not AES that was cracked/attacked, but the password entry mechanism used by Windows machines while accessing the content of USB Flash drives.